绿卡基础知识:入籍申请的N-400

拿到了美国绿卡，没有改变的是中国国籍。使用中国护照进入其它国家，一般还需要预先申请签证。另外，为了保持绿卡身份，还必须保证在美国的居留期限。否则，绿卡有可能会被吊销。

加入了美国国籍，就可以避免上面的麻烦。
但是，随之而来的是你持美国护照回中国，就需要申请中国的签证了，同时在中国境内的停留，也有了时间上的限制。
另一方面，你的美国国籍，拓展了你的就业面。

由持有绿卡到入籍，唯一的条件就是时间。一般来说，年满 18 岁，满足条件的话，可以在绿卡五年之后（在美国居留超过 30 个月）申请入籍；如果是已婚三年且配偶在最近三年保持其公民身份，你们一直在共同生活，可以提早至三年（超过 18 个月），－－即使绿卡不是通过与公民的婚姻而获得的。

后面这一点，经常有人有困惑。
例：王五同学在 5/22/1997 获得了 EB 绿卡，于 10/22/1997 与公民成婚，且一直共同生活。王五同学可以在 10/22/2000 申请入籍，而不必等到 5/22/2002.

申请入籍可以提前 90 天提交申请，所以又有四年九个月、或两年九个月一说。
虽然你满足了 Continuous Residence 的条件，在提交申请之前，你必须在美连续居留了 90 天。

根据 "Continuous Residence" 的要求，如果离境超过一年，之前在美积累的时间置零，居留时间从新起算。如果在两年之内返美，不在美的最后 364 天可以折算成居留时间。

好了，请先去下载 N-400, Form N-400 Application for Naturalization (Rev. 10/15/07) Y. 填表说明在这里。填表请一律用大写。
Write your USCIS "A" - number here:
你的 A# 要填在每一页的右上角

Part 1. Your Name. (The person applying for naturalization.)
A. Your current legal name.
B. Your name exactly as it appears on your Permanent Resident Card.
绿卡上的姓名不同时（即使拼写有误），填在此
C. If you have ever used other names, provide them below.
若无曾用名，在 Family Name 处填 "N/A"
D. Name change (optional)
1. Would you like to legally change your name?
你答 "Yes" 更名时，记得要去当地政府备案，并书写新名
2. If "Yes," print the new name you would like to use. Do not use initials or abbreviations when writing your new name.

Part 2. Information about your eligibility. (Check only one.)
A [ ] I have been a Lawful Permanent Resident of the United States for at least five years.
绿卡的通常五年期
B [ ] I have been a Lawful Permanent Resident of the United States for at least three years, and I have been married to and living with the same U.S. citizen for the last three years, and my spouse has been a U.S. citizen for the last three years.
公民配偶的三年期，注意两个条件 1) 已婚三年且配偶在最近三年保持其公民身份；2) 一直共同生活
C [ ] I am applying on the basis of qualifying military service.
D [ ] Other

Part 3. Information about you.
A. U.S. Social Security Number
B. Date of Birth (mm/dd/yyyy)
C. Date You Became a Permanent Resident (mm/dd/yyyy)
在绿卡上面找
D. Country of Birth
E. Country of Nationality
F. Are either of your parents U.S. citizens?
G. What is your current marital status?
未婚，已婚，离婚，丧偶，无效婚姻
无效婚姻是指婚姻一方或双方在登记时不合法，须指明如年幼、血亲、重婚等等
H. Are you requesting a waiver of the English and/or U.S. History and Government requirements based on a disability or impairment and attaching a Form N-648 with your application?
勾 "Yes" 如果因体障申请免试，请同时填写 N-648
I. Are you requesting an accommodation to the naturalization process because of a disability or impairment?
若因体障而需帮助，请指明
I am deaf or hearing impaired and need a sign language interpreter who uses the following language: - 耳障需要下列手语翻译（指明手语语种）
I use a wheelchair. - 轮椅
I am blind or sight impaired. - 目障
I will need another type of accommodation. Please explain: - 其它帮助（指明）

Part 4. Addresses and telephone numbers.
A. Home Address - No P.O. Box
家庭地址，不能用邮箱
B. Care of
若委托他人收转，填收转人地址
C. Phone Number / Email

Part 5. Information for criminal records search.
A. Gender
B. Height
C. Weight
D. Are you Hispanic or Latino? - [No]
E. Race - [Asian]
F. Hair color - [Black]
G. Eye color - [Black]

Part 6. Information about your residence and employment.
A. Where have you lived during the last five years? Begin with where you live now and then list every place you lived for the last five years.
B. Where have you worked (or, if you were a student, what schools did you attend) during the last five years? Include military service.
过去五年的居住地点，和工作情况。篇幅不足请另附纸
自雇填 "self employed"

Part 7. Time outside the United States.
这是表格中比较重要的一处，因为牵扯到申请人是否满足申请入籍的资格。
在五年中，必须最近有 36 个月在美国居留。"Continuous Residence" 是说，如果在境外超过半年，不管有没有申请 RP，其居留时间从零起算。
所以，如果你不满足上面的要求，申请也就罢了，省下钱来干点别的什么。
A. How many total days did you spend outside of the United States during the past five years?
在境外停留超过 24 小时的旅程总天数
B. How many trips of 24 hours or more have you taken outside of the United States during the past five years?
在境外停留超过 24 小时的旅程次数
C. List below all the trips of 24 hours or more that you have taken outside of the United States since becoming a Lawful Permanent Resident.

Part 8. Information about your marital history.
对于三年入籍的公民配偶，这一处也是比较重要的。如果你的配偶公民权没有拿到三年，你现在的配偶公民不是三年前结婚的那一个，或你们没有一直生活在一起，你的申请是不符合规定的。
如果你是申请五年入籍的，这里怎么填都没有什么影响。
A. How many times have you been married (including annulled marriages)?
此处填结婚次数。若从未结婚，填 "0" 后略去本部份
B. If you are now married, give the following information about your spouse:
1. Spouse's Name
2. Date of Birth
3. Date of Marriage
4. Spouse's U.S. Social Security #
5. Home Address
C. Is your spouse a U.S. citizen?
D. If your spouse is a U.S. citizen, give the following information:
1. When did your spouse become a U.S. citizen?
是出生即公民 [At Birth] （则略去 2、3 两问），或其它 [Other]
2. Date your spouse became a U.S. citizen
3. Place your spouse became a U.S. citizen
E. If your spouse is not a U.S. citizen, give the following information
1. Spouse's Country of Citizenship
2. Spouse's USCIS ''A''- Number
3. Spouse's Immigration Status
Lawful Permanent Resident
Other - AOS, OOS, F-1/H-1 etc
F. If you were married before, provide the following information about your prior spouse.
1. Prior Spouse's Family Name
2. Prior Spouse's Immigration Status
3. Date of Marriage (mm/dd/yyyy)
4. Date Marriage Ended (mm/dd/yyyy)
5. How Marriage Ended
除了离婚[Divorce]和丧偶[Spouse Died]，[Other]是指什么（脑袋想痛...）
G. How many times has your current spouse been married (including annulled marriages)?
此处填配偶之结婚次数
If your spouse has ever been married before, give the following information about your spouse's prior marriage.
配偶是再婚时，此处是填配偶之前配偶的情况。篇幅不足请另附纸（估计是查假结婚用的）
1. Prior Spouse's Family Name
2. Prior Spouse's Immigration Status
3. Date of Marriage (mm/dd/yyyy)
4. Date Marriage Ended (mm/dd/yyyy)
5. How Marriage Ended

Part 9. Information about your children.
A. How many sons and daughters have you had?
此处填子女之数目，无论生死丢失认领均计
B. Provide the following information about all of your sons and daughters.
提供详细情况
在一栏指明共同生活 (With Me)、已亡 (Dead) 或丢失 (Missing")

Part 10. Additional questions.
A. General Questions.
1. Have you ever claimed to be a U.S. citizen (in writing or any other way)?
是否自称过为美国公民？
2. Have you ever registered to vote in any Federal, state or local election in the United States?
是否参加过投票选举？
3. Have you ever voted in any Federal, state or local election in the United States?
是否竞选过？
4. Since becoming a Lawful Permanent Resident, have you ever failed to file a required Federal state or local tax return?
拿到绿卡之后，是否有过不交税？
5. Do you owe any Federal, state or local taxes that are overdue?
是否欠税？
6. Do you have any title of nobility in any foreign country?
是否在别国有贵族称号？
7. Have you ever been declared legally incompetent or been confined to a mental institution within the last five years?
在过去五年中是否进过精神病院或有精神毛病？

B. Affiliations.
8a. Have you ever been a member of or associated with any organization, association, fund foundation, party, club, society or similar group in the United States or in any other place?
是否参加过任何组织？
8b. If you answered "Yes," list the name of each group below. If you need more space, attach the names of the other group(s) on a separate sheet(s) of paper.
若答＂是＂请列出各个组织名称
9. Have you ever been a member of or in any way associated
是否参加过 [a] 共产党、[b] 极权党、[c] 恐怖组织？
a. The Communist Party?
b. Any other totalitarian party?
c. A terrorist organization?
10. Have you ever advocated (either directly or indirectly) the overthrow of any government by force or violence?
是否主张过推翻政府？
11. Have you ever persecuted (either directly or indirectly) any person because of race, religion, national origin, membership in a particular social group or political opinion?
是否迫害过他人？
12. Between March 23, 1933 and May 8, 1945, did you work for or associate in any way (either directly or indirectly) with:
是否为纳粹工作过？
a. The Nazi government of Germany?
b. Any government in any area (1) occupied by, (2) allied with, or (3) established with the help of the Nazi government of Germany?
c. Any German, Nazi, or S.S. military unit, paramilitary unit, self-defense unit, vigilante unit, citizen unit, police unit, government agency or office, extermination camp, concentration camp, prisoner of war camp, prison, labor camp or transit camp?

C. Continuous Residence.
13. Have you ever called yourself a ''nonresident'' on a Federal, state or local tax return?
是否在税表上自称过 "nonresident"？
14. Have you ever failed to file a Federal, state or local tax return because you considered yourself to be a "nonresident"?
是否因为认为是 "nonresident" 而不交税？

D. Good Moral Character.
不足 $500 的交通罚单及计点，且与酗酒或毒品无关，也未导致逮捕的交通事故，不在此列。
15. Have you ever committed a crime or offense for which you were not arrested?
是否有过犯罪但未曾被捕？
16. Have you ever been arrested, cited or detained by any law enforcement officer (including USCIS or former INS and military officers) for any reason?
是否被捕过？
17. Have you ever been charged with committing any crime or offense?
是否被控过？
18. Have you ever been convicted of a crime or offense?
是否被确认有罪过？
19. Have you ever been placed in an alternative sentencing or a rehabilitative program (for example: diversion, deferred prosecution, withheld adjudication, deferred adjudication)?
是否有过替代受刑？
20. Have you ever received a suspended sentence, been placed on probation or been paroled?
是否有过缓刑、监护？
21. Have you ever been in jail or prison?
是否曾入狱？

Why were you arrested, cited, detained or charged?
Date arrested, cited, detained or charged? (mm/dd/yyyy)
Where were you arrested, cited, detained or charged? (City, State, Country)
Outcome or disposition of the arrest, citation, detention or charge (No charges filed, charges dismissed, jail, probation, etc.)

22. Have you ever:
是否有过 [a] 酗酒、[b] 卖淫拉皮条、[c] 贩毒、[d] 重婚、[e] 走私人口、[f] 非法赌博、[g] 不付赡养费？
a. Been a habitual drunkard?
b. Been a prostitute, or procured anyone for prostitution?
c. Sold or smuggled controlled substances, illegal drugs or narcotics?
d. Been married to more than one person at the same time?
e. Helped anyone enter or try to enter the United States illegally?
f. Gambled illegally or received income from illegal gambling?
g. Failed to support your dependents or to pay alimony?

23. Have you ever given false or misleading information to any U.S. government official while applying for any immigration benefit or to prevent deportation, exclusion or removal?
是否曾经提供虚假材料或误导官员以获得移民利益或避免驱逐？
24. Have you ever lied to any U.S. government official to gain entry or admission into the United States?
是否为进入美国为撒谎？

E. Removal, Exclusion and Deportation Proceedings.
25. Are removal, exclusion, rescission or deportation proceedings pending against you?
是否正在驱逐之列？
26. Have you ever been removed, excluded or deported from the United States?
是否被驱逐过？
27. Have you ever been ordered to be removed, excluded or deported from the United States?
是否被判过驱逐？
28. Have you ever applied for any kind of relief from removal, exclusion or deportation?
是否申请过免除驱逐？

F. Military Service.
29. Have you ever served in the U.S. Armed Forces?
是否在美军中服过役？
30. Have you ever left the United States to avoid being drafted into the U.S. Armed Forces?
是否曾离开美国以免服役？
31. Have you ever applied for any kind of exemption from military service in the U.S. Armed Forces?
是否申请过免服役？
32. Have you ever deserted from the U.S. Armed Forces?
是否有从军中逃役？

G. Selective Service Registration.
33. Are you a male who lived in the United States at any time between your 18th and 26th birthdays in any status except as a lawful nonimmigrant?
在拿到绿卡之前，作为男性在 18 至 26岁之间是否在美国？
Date Registered (mm/dd/yyyy)
Selective Service Number

H. Oath Requirements. (See Part 14 for the Text of the Oath.)
34. Do you support the Constitution and form of government of the United States?
是否支持宪法？
35. Do you understand the full Oath of Allegiance to the United States?
是否理解忠于美国的含义？
36. Are you willing to take the full Oath of Allegiance to the United States?
是否忠于美国？
37. If the law requires it, are you willing to bear arms on behalf of the United States?
如果需要，是否愿意为美国而战？
38. If the law requires it, are you willing to perform noncombatant services in the U.S. Armed Forces?
如果需要，是否愿意参加军队的非战斗服务？
39. If the law requires it, are you willing to perform work of national importance under civilian direction?
如果需要，是否愿意为国家服务？

Part 11. Your signature.
Part 12. Signature of person who prepared this application for you. (If applicable.)
申请人签字以英文、外文或画叉均可

下面两部分请不要填写，留待面试时。
Part 13. Signature at interview.
Part 14. Oath of Allegiance.

申请费 $595 + $80，75 岁以上的老者为 $595（免 $80 指纹费）。
以辖区申请分别寄往四大中心（从 10/14/08 始有变动）。



CSC
California Service Center
PO Box 10400
Laguna Niguel, CA 92607-1040
AZ, CA, HI, NV, Territory of Guam, or the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

NSC
Nebraska Service Center
PO Box 87400
Lincoln, NE 68501-7400
AK, CO, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, MI, MO, MN, MT, NE, ND, OH, OR, SD, UT, WA, WI or WY



TSC
Texas Service Center
PO Box 851204
Mesquite, TX 75185-1204
AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MS, NM, NC, OK, SC, TN or TX

VSC
Vermont Service Center
75 Lower Welden St
St. Albans, VT 05479-9400
CT, DE, District of Columbia, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, VA, WV, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the U.S. Virgin Islands


Military Provisions 328/329 的申请，不分辖区，一律寄往

Nebraska Service Center
P.O. Box 87426
Lincoln, NE 68501-7426
从 10/14/08 始，以辖区申请分别寄往新地址。
USCIS Lockbox Facility, USCIS
P.O. Box 21251
Phoenix, AZ 85036

Private Courier (non-USPS)
USCIS, Attn: N400
1820 E Skyharbor Circle
S. Floor 1, Phoenix, AZ 85036
Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Territory of Guam, Northern Mariana Islands USCIS Lockbox Facility, USCIS
P.O. Box 299026
Lewisville, TX 75029

Private Courier (non-USPS)
USCIS, Attn: N400
2501 S. State Hwy 121, Bldg. 4
Lewisville, TX 75067
Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, DC, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, U.S. Virgin Islands.


你的公民申请，一般包含以下材料：

N-400
Applicable fee
2 Photos (name/A# on back in pencil)
(option) 改名，Marriage certificate, Divorce decree, or Court document
(option - 拿到绿卡后在美国之外停留超过六个月者）IRS tax return for past 5 years (or 3 years), or Rent/mortgage payments and pay stubs
(option) A written explanation on a separate sheet of paper, if you answer "Yes" to any of Questions 1 through 14 of Part 10 of form N-400, or "No" to any of Questions 34 through 39.
(option) 被捕过（无论起诉与否，也无论是否不留案底），有执刑或缓刑包括戒毒社区服务，皆须附所有法律文书之原件。申请人可附加解释
(option) 拿到绿卡后有过误税，所有 IRS 相关文书
(option) 有欠税，所有税务机关的偿税计划
(option) Selective Service Registration info

For 3-year application
Spouse' US passport, or Naturalization Certificate, or Certificate of Citizenship, or Birth certificate
Marriage certificate
(option) Proof of termination of all prior marriages of your spouse
(option) Proof of termination of all prior marriages of you
Tax returns, bank accounts, leases, mortgages, or birth certificates of children, or Internal Revenue Service (IRS) - certified copies of the income tax forms that you both filed for the past three years, or An IRS tax return transcript for the last three years

申请公民依然有 FBI 的 Name Check，并且 180 天规定不适用于此。申请人需要提交指纹，还有公民考试，面试（英语口试），宣誓等程序。
年满 50 岁并且持有绿卡 20 年以上，或年满 55 岁并且持有绿卡 15 年以上者，不必参加英语考试，但必须参加自选语种的公民考试。
年满 65 岁并且持有绿卡 20 年以上者，不必参加英语考试，但必须参加自选语种的简化公民考试。